Monitoring Sea Ice Thickness Using GNSS-Interferometric Reflectometry

This letter presents analysis of frozen sea surface properties using low cost and complexity terrestrial Global Navigational Satellite System (GNSS) receivers. Monitoring ice thickness the mean level (MSL) are performed interference frequency obtained by GNSS pattern (IP) technique. The height variations between antenna evaluated IP direct reflected carrier-to-noise density ratio (C/N0) is used to find corresponding MSL. GNSS-R derived MSL for open conditions agreed well with mareograph data root-mean-squared error (RMSE) 2.72 cm R-squared value 0.9644. For sea, a notable difference was observed measured ground truth values. caused combined snow above surface, also known as total freeboard. Assuming hydrostatic equilibrium satisfied, freeboard converted thickness. values published charts Finnish Meteorological Institute. main uncertainty in extracted ice-thickness due thick accumulation unknown properties.